Students from low socio-economic and Non-English speaking backgrounds are less likely to achieve quality outcomes at school than their peers. Yet, we know little about how teachers address this issue of educational inequality. This study investigates secondary teachers' beliefs and practices concerning students from ethnic and class backgrounds different to their own and explores how 'difference' is constructed and 'taken up' in curriculum and pedagogical practices to bring about quality learning. This research will build knowledge about learner and teacher identities and document examples of how teachers seek to improve the educational outcomes of students who benefit least by schooling.