| An Interview with Simon Lewis |
| (“Inter” refers to the interviewer, “Lewis”
refers to Simon Lewis) |
| Inter: |
Simon, I am interested in the goals of
the forensic science course and how you define the purpose of it.
I wonder whether you might be able to give us some background of
the course overall in that respect. |
| Lewis: |
Alright the course itself is designed specifically
to produce Honours graduate scientists who have potential to be
employed specifically in the forensic science field but that's
looking at forensic science in the broader sense the course itself
has been designed with the cooperation of the local forensic science
provider the Victorian Police Forensic Services Centre and therefore
does have a focus on criminal forensic science however it is wider
than that and could and will encompass things like environmental
forensics and is designed really to produce good scientists so people
doing the degree and finishing the degree would have the skill set
and resources to go on into scientific careers in other areas not
necessarily forensic but areas where there is a significant amount
of analysis so things like pharmaceutical industry, food and beverage
industry and so on. |
| Inter: |
Beyond the purposes Simon, how do you see effective
teaching and learning in the course, what's you sort of personal
teaching philosophy in regard to enabling quality learning in forensic
science? |
| Lewis: |
Well, the key to the course is it is underpinned
by fundamental science that's absolutely essential the students
have to have a fundamental understanding of the science however
being able to teach that science within an interesting and relevant
context which forensic science allows us to do. This enables us
to really engage the students in the subject matter and see its
relevance and that means that at some point you are going to have
to teach stuff that is going to be really quite dry, very dry but
having the example of forensic science to refer to enables even
the driest of the science to be taught in an interesting way. I
think that helps. |
| Inter: |
And I notice there's a law dimension to the
program and you're very committed to the idea of the forms
of experiential learning and taking the students out into the field,
doing applied type work and assessing that would you like to explain
some of those sorts of specific teaching strategies you pursue. |
| Lewis: |
Well obviously there is the fundamental science
part of the course but there are other areas of the course which
we've loosely termed professional now these include things
like the legal parts of the course where students would be involved
in things like moot court situations being able to explain the science
to a non scientific audience, being able to deal with being questioned
there's also those other aspects of as I said experiential
learning where particularly with research projects with Honours'
projects with research units for credit where the students gain
an experience working as part of a research team a research team
for example has multiple levels of skills and experience within
it being able to see the things which they are taught in class and
maybe quite separate units being applied together in within one
research project one of the issues about any kind of course we split
it up into units purely to be able to teach it from an administrative
point of view but and sometimes that compartmentalisation can lead
to a student thinking in terms of compartments when of course they
shouldn't be they should be thinking across compartments and
in these elements of the course we try to reinforce that to make
them think outside the unit structure. It also again is yet another
way of engaging the student in the material if they have a block
of material in say a fundamental course and you talk about for example
sampling a reasonably dry sort of subject but then as you know I
have a research project looking at decomposition chemistry looking
at what happens to a corpse when it decomposes of course this is
important from the point of view in trying to establish the time
since death that sort of research sampling is fundamental to how
you can interpret the data it's not a dry sterile thing it's
mucky it's going to be very smelly this hopefully will reinforce
to the student just how difficult to take a representative sample
really will be very difficult to do unless you do it actually practically.
We do soil analysis for explosive residues in first year in a laboratory
exercise and we send the students out and say right go and get a
soil sample and so they go and get a soil sample and if it's
been a particularly wet and muddy day that soil sample the way that
they're meant to treat it does become very difficult to deal
with and the students first response is oh well there's something
wrong with the practical I can't it won't filter properly
you say well no there's nothing wrong with the practical exercise
that's real life it's a difficult sample to deal with
and they need to understand that as scientists |
| Inter: |
The course is taught on campus at a particular campus
but clearly there's a fair work component, an applied component
but you've also been involved in a range of things in regard
to developing digital media and online environments to support the
promotion of forensic science and the teaching and learning of it
as well. I'm sort of interested in the things you've
done you know starting with for example developing the forensic
science at Deakin website and within it the chemical detective forensic
science website. How did you get involved in those developments
and what was the driver for it, Simon? |
| Lewis: |
Oh well this goes back to 1999 it was right at the
beginning of the forensic science programme at Deakin and at that
time we'd been interested in developing science outreach programs
to reach out to students generally at the year 10 level at high
school to encourage them into thinking about science as a potential
area of study both at high school and beyond as people know there's
been a real problem with science education and people going on into
science education at university over the last few years the numbers
have been dropping and again it's part of this trying to show
it in context. Forensic science was obviously a terrific vehicle
for that the interest forensic science raises amongst high school
students amongst the general public as a whole is a lot higher than
the interest that is shown in the fundamental disciplines that underpin
it, biology and chemistry and we developed a on campus workshop
for students at high school to visit and interact with staff and
research students to do some simple experiments to experience a
real laboratory which they may not have access to within their schools
doing a series of activities around a common theme forensic science
in this case. Now the whole thing was aimed at both the local school
students in the Geelong area but also to the rural and regional
areas. It's sometimes forgotten that those students have significant
disadvantages when it comes to accessing tertiary institutions.
In the metropolitan region high schools have great access to all
sorts of activities, for rural students the tyranny of distance
really gets in the way. Now because of that we had to recognise
that not all students are to be able to come from these schools
and we wanted to enable other students within those schools to have
access to some of the information and the materials and so this
led to the development of a website. It was also clear to me that
looking at that time 1999 there weren't a huge number of forensic
websites around that dealt with the fundamental underlying science
as well in an understandable way and so that was what caused the
development of the website. I have to say that this whole program
was developed with funding from the State government under the Science
in Schools strategy which finished a year or so ago although the
website and workshop still lives on and the whole idea was to try
and reach out to rural and regional areas so for example that's
one of the reasons the website itself is content driven rather than
bells and whistles driven it is straightforward text based with
a few diagrams primarily because I can't write anything more
fancy than that when it comes to web pages but also because these
students didn't necessarily have broadband access it also
meant the development of a CD was relatively straightforward another
key thing is that these materials were developed so that they go
side by side with the Curriculum Standards Framework for Victorian
schools so that school teachers could use it directly in their classes
in fact we also ran professional development modules for the school
teachers so they could use the materials within their teaching and
that was important to us as well to make certain that the materials
were relevant to the teachers and to give support to the teachers
because one of the issues is that the number of teachers, the amount
of work that they have to do to keep up with just to do their teaching
as apposed to enriching their teaching and looking for new ways
to encourage their students they're really up against it. |
| Inter: |
You've used a lot of the features of Deakin
Studies Online and by that I mean WebCT Vista in supporting learning
in the forensic science course at the University. Ah, probably more
intriguing is your long journey in regard to trying to establish
a virtual international exchange and I guess concluding that with
trying to create a certain type of learning material digital learning
material a certain way. I wonder whether you might explain how you
came to the conclusion and the type of material that you are developing
at the moment which fits within the spirit or framework of a virtual
international exchange type initiative. |
| Lewis: |
Well this process started a couple of years ago
with a Teaching Explorer that I did to see if there were institutions
overseas that we could collaborate with. The Deakin University
forensic science program was well established now within Australia
got a good reputation here was time to think internationally and
it was clear that there were a number of institutions overseas
who were interested in collaborating with us but at the time we
were thinking about ways of maybe doing this a little bit more
differently being able to use things like virtual exchange particularly
considering other institutions use WebCT. Unfortunately it appeared
that other institutions particularly in the UK which is where
we were concentrating on because that was a natural place to…weren't
terribly interested in this sort of approach primarily because
most of them still looked at online as being a repository of learning
or teaching materials rather than using it in a more I suppose
active sense also there was the financial issues it was a case
of yes you can we'll exchange stuff with you but you have
to buy ours that sort of thing. So that caused us a few problems
however when we looked into it in more detail it has to be said
that there was interest in exchanges as well but in real exchanges
maybe not to surprisingly Australia is considered to be a really,
really, really interesting destination for northern hemisphere
students and so they weren't so much interested in virtual
exchanges as in real exchange and those investigations are still
ongoing. However one area that would appear that we do have potential
for is not actually whole units but parts of our units actually
unpacking some of the materials we have in our units and combining
them together in different ways to provide different learning
modules as it were for different people and a very good example
of this is our pilot program which is in collaboration with the
University of Hull. In the United Kingdom in the last few years
there has been an explosion in forensic science courses some of
them are of questionable quality it has to be said. Recognising
this the forensic science society has tried to establish an accreditation
process and some of the degrees they have degrees that are purely
forensic science but also they have science degrees, chemistry
degrees which have elements of forensic embedded within them and
they're accrediting these two types of courses. Now the
University of Hull has a well known well respected analytical
chemistry degree it seemed obvious to them that they should incorporate
maybe forensic modules as part of that and when they went for
their accreditation or looked at the first draft of the accreditation
the Forensic Science Society said well look it's terrific
the science is first class everything is there that we want however
you don't have significant legal components, you don't
have a significant sort of case study component that we would
like to see in any course that has forensic on its title. Now
we've had close collaboration with Hull over a number of
years in the research area and so they were reasonably familiar
with the sorts of things we were teaching and we were involved
in and they were interested in accessing some of the things that
we do in our forensic course because we were a little bit unusual
in that unlike many forensic courses instead of teaching all the
law and the legal part of it as a single chunk generally towards
the end of the course we actually teach our legal component all
the way through the course so that the science is taught or the
forensic science is taught in the context of the law and the law
is taught in the context of the forensic science and they were
very intrigued by that and interested in that and it happens that
we have certain parts of that which can be taken from first year
and from second year and from third year that can actually be
drawn out and put together to form a separate learning entity
on its own.
Now our legal studies are actually provided by a visiting Fellow
the legal support is given supported by a visiting Fellow who
actually resides in the UK travels to Australia once a year to
teach the expert evidence part of our course and has helped in
developing things like moot court and so on and while he was able
to help the people at Hull directly with running their moot court
he didn't have the time to be also able to give the lectures
there as well so what we've done is we've videoed
his lectures incorporating that with his PowerPoint slides and
other notes in rich media teaching materials that will go on a
CD rom using a package called StreamAuthor and this will be provided
to the people at Hull, their students will use this so that essentially
a virtually an exchange of the member of staff and he will then
go to Hull just for the final part of it to help with the running
of the mock trial which is one part of the assessment we will
also because we already have worked through the mock trial for
a number of years now we'll be providing them with those
materials. Now materials we're providing of the expert evidence
and the mock trial these come from different parts of our forensic
degree but because of the way that we have structured the forensic
degree we can actually unpack it as I said and put it together
to form a new entity. We see there being real potential to continue
to look at our courses and see in other ways in which we can unpack
them in this way what I would like to see or foresee is the potential
that some of our lectures on introduction to forensic science
could be parcelled together with maybe lectures from ecology and
environment on wildlife conservation then you have a essentially
have a little module then essentially on wildlife forensics a
very very interesting area at the moment. I'm sure there
are other courses where you could think in the same way you could
unpackage things and insert bits into other areas to think about
possibly offering postgraduate diplomas and so on where these
materials can be used from higher levels in our courses. It also
has to be said that the potential is there as well for dealing
with absences of staff and so on in the same way and we all realise
that there are limited number of specialist staff particularly
in niche areas in the university. These are niche areas that we
can't afford just to stop if a member of staff is ill or
has to be away at meetings or whatever rather than just cancel
lectures we have maybe the potential to make use of this material
in a different way. |
| Inter: |
So finally Simon with all these different initiatives
going on do you have a sense of ideally how you would like to bring
this together the digital media learning objects with the online
environment I know you've spoken about a vision of creating
an open integrated website which could be accessed by anybody around
the world whether they be researchers or teachers or students in
forensic science as a means of providing sort of international virtual
community of teachers and learners. Is that still part of your vision
for this that it can all come together down the track in that type
of way? |
| Lewis: |
I would like to see that happen primarily because
one of the biggest issues it seems to me is administrative the actual
problems that oh well we have our semesters at certain times and
people overseas have their semesters at certain times whatever learning
objects we produce be they text based or video or audio we have
to try and make them as independent of the learning management system
as much as possible because we have to recognise that however good
these things are they're only going to be here for a few years.
I'm old enough surprisingly enough to remember how wonderful
it was when Windows 3.1 turned up who uses a Windows 3.1 type environment
these days that's only a relatively short time ago yet we
can still use textbooks from 20 or 30 years ago so we have to we
have to build maybe some long term have a long term view and maybe
a sort of open architecture will also enable us to have teachers,
high school students, university students, university academics
and members of the general public interacting in an environment
that will have certain aspects of it that will be closed so that
only certain people can use them, it will be a network people like
the word virtual it's a virtual network no it's not
actually a virtual network it's a very real network, it's
a network and that's how you and I and everybody else in academic
circles works anyway, let's get people used to doing that
anyway, it's a bit maybe grandiose and may not happen but
I don't think it's unreasonable to try and work towards
that. The web is here to stay, it's not going to go away.
It would be useful to make use of it. |
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