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Note: Different units at Deakin use different referencing styles. Check your unit assessment information to find which style you are required to use.

Deakin guide to Vancouver (PDF, 523.9 KB)

Last updated: 1 July 2024

Artificial intelligence

When using generative artificial intelligence, you need to ensure that your final submitted assessment is your own work, creation, and analysis.

Where you have used generative AI in developing your assessment (for example, in the development of ideas, problem solving, data analysis, significant writing feedback) you should acknowledge your use of it.

It is also essential that you provide details about where and how you have used it.

  • First, read assessment instructions in your unit site or check with your Unit Chair whether you are allowed to use generative AI and how you are allowed to use it.
  • Understand the limitations and the risks.
  • Critically evaluate any output.
  • Document how you used the tool and acknowledge this in your final submission.

Your acknowledgement should include:

  • the name of the generative AI tool (you can also include the version, if known)
  • the month and year you accessed it
  • (where relevant) details of your prompts, the output, and precisely where in your assessment you have used generative AI. Discuss unit requirements with your Unit Chair.

This can go in an ‘Acknowledgements’ section and further details can be provided in an Appendix.

This paper was edited with the assistance of Name of generative AI tool (accessed Month Year). I have critically assessed and validated any generated feedback. The final version of the paper is my own creation.

I acknowledge the use of Name of generative AI tool (accessed Month Year) and Name of generative AI tool (accessed Month Year) in developing some of my ideas and writing for this assessment. All AI-generated output was critically reviewed. Examples of prompts, outputs and my responses are provided in Appendix B. The final content, conclusions and assertions in this paper are my own.

This assessment was completed with the assistance of Name of generative AI tool (accessed Month Year). With the permission of my Unit Chair, I have used these tools to develop the fictional case studies that provide the background for Section 2 of the assessment. See Appendix A for further details. All other writing and analysis in this assessment is my own.

Examples adapted from: Bozkurt, A. (2024). GenAI et al.: Cocreation, authorship, ownership, academic ethics and integrity in a time of generative AI. Open Praxis, 16(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.55982/ openpraxis.16.1.654

Can I cite generative AI?

In most cases, citing AI-generated content as a primary source of information for an assessment is not acceptable. You will need to discuss unit rules and requirements with your Unit Chair.

All sources of information for assessment need to be evaluated for credibility. Cite recommended journal articles, books, websites and other reliable and credible sources.

If you have concluded that generative AI is an appropriate source to cite for your task, then it needs to be cited appropriately.

In all cases, you must acknowledge the use of generative AI as outlined above. In addition, you can cite as follows.

When acknowledging or citing the use of generative AI, do not humanise the tool. ChatGPT does not “discuss”, “report”, or “allege” as a human author does. Instead, simply acknowledge your use of the tool, when you used it and details of how you used it.

In-text citation

  • There is no official guidance yet on how to cite AI-generated content in Vancouver. Until we have that advice, cite in the same way as personal communications.
  • You can provide further details of the prompts and output in an appendix.

(ChatGPT, OpenAI, February 11, 2023. Prompt: “Correlation between idiopathic juvenile arthritis and coeliac disease and other auto-immune diseases”. See Appendix A.)

References

Do not provide a reference list entry.

Conferences

Conference paper published in proceedings

Author Initials. Title of paper. In: Editor Initials, editor. Title of publication. Proceedings of Title of Conference; date of conference; Place of conference. Place of publication: Publisher; date of publication. page range.

Horrobin DF, Lampinskas P. The commercial development of food plants used as medicines. In: Prendergast HD, Etkin NL, Harris DR, Houghton PJ, editors. Plants for food and medicine. Proceedings of the Joint Conference of the Society for Economic Botany and the International Society for Ethnopharmacology; 1996 Jul 1-6; London. Kew (UK): Royal Botanic Gardens; 1998. p. 75-81.

Conference proceedings published online

Author Initials. Title of paper. In: Editor Initials, editor. Title of publication [Internet]. Proceedings of Title of Conference; date of conference; Place of conference. Place of publication: Publisher; [cited day month year]. page range [or estimate]. Available from: URL DOI

Goldschmidt L. Telehealth strategies and information technology transform patient care within the US Department of Veteran Affairs. In: He J, Liu X, Krupinski EA, Xu G, editors. Health Information Science [Internet]. Proceedings of the First International Conference, HIS 2012; 2012 April 8-10; Beijing. Heidelberg: Springer; [cited 2014 Jan 31]. 198 p. Available from: DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-29361-0

Unpublished conference paper

Author Initials. Title of paper. Paper presented at: Title of conference; year month day; Place of conference.

Bernhardt A, Weiss C, Breuer J, Kumpf M, Sieverding L. The clinical relevance of an elevated lactate level after surgery for congenital heart disease. Paper presented at: Myocardial cell damage and myocardial protection. 3rd International Symposium on the Pathophysiology of Cardiopulmonary Bypass; 2000 Dec 16; Aachen, Germany.

DVD, tapes, slides

For hardcopy audiovisual material, such as DVDs, CD-ROMs, audiotapes, videocassettes, slides or films, provide:

  • author
  • title
  • medium in square brackets
  • place of publication and the publisher
  • year of copyright.

Author Initials. Title [medium]. Place of publication: Publisher; year.

Anderson, SC, Poulsen, KB. Anderson's electronic atlas of hematology [CD-ROM]. 2nd version. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; c2002.

John Sabella & Associates Incorporated. Onboard first aid: immediate actions [DVD]. South Tom's River (NJ): Shipboard Video Express; c2005.

Heizer WD, Semrad CE, Sweeting JG. Clinical nutrition I [slides]. Bethesda (MD): American Gastroenterological Association; c2000.

Figure, table, appendix

When citing a figure, table or appendix from a source, include:

  • a descriptor e.g. Table/Figure/Appendix
  • the number
  • the title
  • the page number, if the source is paginated.

House MG, Choti MA. Palliative therapy for pancreatic/biliary cancer. Surg Clin N Am. 2005 Apr;85(2):359-71. Appendix 1, Principles guiding care at the end of life; p. 389-90.

Where there is no number or title, place the descriptor Table/Figure/Appendix and a descriptive title in square brackets.

Roth S, Semjonow A, Waldner M, Hertle L. Risk of bowel dysfunction with diarrhea after continent urinary diversion with ileal and ileocecal segments. J Urol. 1995 Nov;154(5):1696-9. [Figure, Resection of long ileal or ileocecal segments disturbs enterohepatic bile acid circulation]; p. 1697.

For web sources, place the relevant details after the date of publication, followed by the date cited, the page number and the URL.

Collins SR, Kriss JL, Davis K, Doty MM, Holmgren AL. Squeezed: why rising exposure to health care costs threatens the health and financial well-being of American families [Internet]. New York: Commonwealth Fund; 2006 Sep. Figure ES-1, Individual market is not an affordable option for many people; [cited 2006 Nov 15]; p. viii. Available from: http://www.cmwf.org/usr_doc/Collins_squeezedrisinghltcarecosts_953.pdf

News article

For news articles:

  • all major words are capitalised in news publication titles (but not article titles)
  • the name of newspaper section can be included, if applicable.

For news articles in print, provide:

  • the first page number of the article
  • the column number (col.), if applicable.

Author Initials. Title of article. Title of Newspaper. year month day;Section:first page (column number).

Tynan T. Medical improvements lower homicide rate: study sees drop in assault rate. The Washington Post. 2002 Aug 12;Sect. A:2 (col. 4).

For online news articles, include the:

  • medium as [Internet]
  • date last updated, if applicable
  • date cited
  • estimated length of the article in terms of print pages, screens, or paragraphs (if no pagination)
  • URL.

Author Initials. Title of article. Title of Newspaper [Internet]. year month day [cited year month day];Section:first page [or estimate]. Available from: URL

O'Connor T. When your heart lets you down. The Age. [Internet] 2013 Dec 2 [cited 2014 Jan 22];Pulse:40. Available from: http://docs.newsbank.com/s/InfoWeb/aggdocs/AUNB/14A6EB518A6E3E08/104B74501DCB01D3?p_multi=ASAB&s_lang=en-US

Carey B. Psychiatrists revise the book of human troubles. New York Times [Internet]. 2008 Dec 17 [cited 2013 Dec 19];Health:[about 3 p.]. Available from: http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/18/health/18psych.html?_r=1&em

Personal communication

Personal communications include letters, emails, private social media posts, personal interviews and telephone conversations. It is always important to get the permission of the person concerned before referring to them in an assignment. No entry in the reference list is required. Provide all relevant information in text. Written permission should always be obtained from the person being cited. Such information can also be included in an acknowledgements section.

In an interview on 8 October 2013, J Robinson, Manager, Heathville Community Centre, confirmed ...

Dr A Smith (email, 8 January 2014) indicated ...

Thesis

Author Initials. Title of thesis [thesis type]. Place: University; year. Available from: URL/database/collection

Cohen E. Patient participation in symptom management in an acute oncology setting [PhD thesis]. Geelong: Deakin University; 2012. Available from: http://dro.deakin.edu.au/view/DU:30048429
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